International Development - IRS201 Fall 2025
Course

International Development
Course code: IRS 201
Term and year: Fall 2025
Day and time: Thursday 8:00-10:45
Instructor: PhDr. Ing. Radka Havlová, Ph.D.
Instructor contact: radka.havlova@aauni.edu
Consultation hours: Tuesday 1430-1530
Credits US/ECTS |
3/6 |
Level |
Introductory |
Length |
15 weeks |
Pre-requisite |
None |
Contact hours |
42 hours |
Course type |
Bachelor |
1. Course Description
International Development offers a coherent and interdisciplinary grounding in the core aspects of international development theory, policy and practice. The students are exposed to the diversity of issues with which today’s world nations impact on each other on many levels that shape everyday life all over the world. Having completed the course the student will have attained a clear understanding of the stakes involved in international development, will possess a thorough conceptual framework and the skills necessary to analyze effectively different perspectives on international development, and how they have shaped policy and debates.
The course discusses the main issues related to development and the main political, miliary, social, economic and environmental problems related to development. We will also examine in depth the challenge faced by developing countries in the Middle East and North Africa, Asia, Latin America and Asia and the role of great powers and international organizations in development.
2. Student Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
• Understand key theories of international development and contemporary debates on politics of development in a broader theoretical and historical perspective.
• Be able to work with theoretical knowledge and apply theory to practical issues
• Acquire conceptual understanding of the world system and the way it works that will allow them to critically evaluate policies, and practices, and be able to relate them to empirical problems in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.
• Assess the roles in the formulation of multilateral development policies by the UN system.
• Debate on new actors in international development, such as China and other emerging economies.
• Identify and analyze main challenges for development in the international arena and be able to discuss critically issues such as climate change, rural development, poverty, migration, and the like.
• Exercise writing skills and methodology while working on the research paper on a topic of his/her particular interest and deepen its knowledge.
3. Reading Material
Required Materials
· Haslam, P.A., Jessica Schafer, Pierre Beaudet. International Development. Approaches, Actors, Issues, and Practice. Forth Edition. Oxford University Press, 2021
· Desai V. and Robert B. Potter. The Companion to Development Studies, Third Edition, Routledge, 2014
- Farhad, S. (2024). Passengers in Flight: AI Governance Capacity in the Global South. Digital Society, 4: 39, pp. 4-39
- Niazi, S. (2025). A cross-country analysis of the factors driving innovation performance in the Global South. Policy Studies, 46:2, pp. 221-251
- Toupin, S. and R. Siad (2025). Artificial intelligence for development (AI4D): A contested notion. Big data and society, pp. 1-5
Recommended Materials
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- ESCWA (2024a). Arab sustainable development report 2024, pp. 1-404
- ESCWA (2024b). Inequality in the Arab region, pp. 1-109
- Fasola, N. and D. Averre (2024). Russia, the Global South and Global Governance: Russia´s Geostrategic Reorientation and Its Implications for the G7. Task Force 1 Policy Brief, pp. 1-11
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- Grotenhuis, R. (2016). Nation-Building as Necessary Effort in Fragile States, Amsterdam University Press
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- IEA (2024). World energy outlook 2024, pp. 1-398
- IGES (2005). Sustainable development in Asia 2025 and Beyond, pp. 1-23
- IGES (2008). Aligning Actions on Climate and Development. Climate Change Policies in the Asia-Pacific, pp. 5-72
- IIASA (2018). Education and the sustainable development agenda. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, pp. 1-5
- ILO (2025). Child Labour. Global Estimates 2024, Trends and the Road Forward, pp- 1-62
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- Katoue etc. (2022). Healthcare system development in the Middle East and North Africa region: Challenges, endeavors and prospective opportunities. Frontiers in Public Health, pp. 1-18
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- Kinyondo, A. and R- Pelizzo (2021). How Covid-19 Has Affected Africa´s Development. World Affairs, Vol. 184, No.1, pp. 57-76
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- Lanoczka, A. (2018). International Development: Socio-Economic Theories, Legacies, and Strategies, 2nd ed., Routledge, available at AAU library
- Leao, R. and L. Goulao (2024). Rural Development Projects in Latin America: The Need to Integrate Socio-Economic, Political, and Empowerment Lenses for Sustained Impact. Societies, 14:131, pp. 1-19
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- Lustick,I. (1997). The Absence of Middle Eastern Great Powers: Political “Backwardness” in Historical Perspective. International Organization, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 653-683
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- Majumdar, A. (2007). The Postcolonial State: An Overview. In The Postcolonial Condition: Perspectives from the Global South, edited by Abebe Zegeye and Maurice Vambe, Oxford: Peter Lang, pp. 195-214
- Martin-Shields, Ch. and D. Koester. State Fragility and Development Cooperation: Putting the Empirics to Use in Policy and Planning. IDOS, 8/2024, pp. 1-10
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- Miller, P. (2022). Development theories: Past, present, and future. Development Review 66, pp. 1-13
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- OECD (2024). Latin American Economic Outlook 2024, pp. 1-262
- OECD (2025). Recommendation of the Council on Digital Government Strategies, pp. 1-10
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- Olson, M. (1993). Democracy, Dictatorship and Development, American Political Science Review 87(3), pp. 567-576
- Osaghae, E. (2007). Fragile States. Development in Practice, Vol. 17, No. 4/5, pp. 691-699
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4. Teaching methodology
Each class will begin with a class discussion related to the session’s topic. Students will be asked to discuss questions related to the topic in smaller groups and later a class discussion on those questions will be held. Short explanation by the instructor will follow but most of the classes will be taught in form of a seminar in which students will present their research outcomes. The presentation of will be interactive, and the students will be asked to give their opinion on the topic of the presentation. The students are required to read the assigned weekly material prior to each class in order to participate actively in discussions. They also need to follow websites of key international organizations covered in the course and the latest international news concerning them.
The classes will be interactive and all concepts and terms will be explained via concrete examples. Each class will be supplemented by case studies of recent international events giving the students an opportunity to critically analyze the concrete actions of international actors and to understand their role in international development.
5. Course Schedule
Date |
Class Agenda |
Session 1 4.9.2024 |
Topic: Introduction to international development, key issues and theories of development, developed vs. developing countries Description: What is development? What are key issues related to development? How should we approach development theoretically? We will discuss the basic concepts of international development and key issues related to development. We will examine the main theoretical approaches to development and theories of development. In the second half of the lecture we will discuss about the major differences between developed and developing countries. What makes a country “developed”? What is the basis of development? Why are some countries developed whilst other countries have significant problems in their development? How do we measure development? How does globalization influence development? We will discuss the main differences between developed and developing countries and classification of developing countries by the UN and other institutions. Reading: Haslam 3-24, 41-76; Desai 79-152 (voluntary) Assignments/deadlines: sign for presentation through NEO |
Session 2 11.9.2024 |
Topic: Impact of colonialism on development of developing countries Description: What do different theories say about development? How does colonialism influence the current situation of the developing countries? Are the former colonial powers still “responsible” for the development in their former colonies? We will discuss about the impacts of colonialism on developing countries and relations between former colonial powers and de-colonized countries. Reading: Haslam 24-40 Assignments/deadlines: Structure your topics and find literature for your presentations, possibility to consult presentation proposals |
Session 3 18.9.2024 |
Topic: Political problems related to development Description: Are democracies in general more developed than developing countries? What is the role of freedom in development? How is corruption related to development? Why do some states “fail” in their development? We will have the chance to discuss the relationship between development and political situation in developed and developing countries. Reading: Haslam 301-316; Desai Part 10 (voluntary) Assignments/deadlines: Presentation proposals due via NEO (research topic analysis in 200 words, at least 5 research sources) |
Session 4 25.9.2024 |
Topic: Military problems related to development Description: What is the role of military in development? Do violent conflicts occur more frequently in developing countries? What is the connection between terrorism and development? How does the UN help to solve the military conflicts? We will discuss the main problems related to security in the developing countries and their impact on development of these countries. Reading: Haslam 391-406; Desai Part 9 (voluntary) Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 1 (20 minutes, interactive, submitted three days in advance for inspection, more information on presentations in NEO) |
2.10.2025 |
No class |
Session 5 9.10.2025 |
Topic: Economic and environmental problems related to development Description: Why are most of the developing countries still poor compared to the developed countries? What are the main economic and environmental challenges of the developing countries? We will discuss the main economic and environmental problems related to development such as poverty, trade, inflation, debt, foreign direct investments, unemployment, water-related problems, air pollution and other environmental problems related to development. Attention will be also paid to role of natural resources in development and conflicts. Reading: Haslam 168-184, 263-298; Desai Part 3 and 6 (voluntary) Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 2 |
|
Session 6 10.10.2025 |
Replacement session Topic: Human development and social problems related to development Description: What is human development? What are the main social problems of developing countries? We will discuss problems such as population growth, role of ethnicity and religion, crime, role of drugs, organized crime and socioeconomic inequality related to development. Reading: Haslam 94-111, 225-240, 337-386, 408-426; Desai Part 7 and 8 (voluntary) Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 3, Critical essay due (800 words, submitted via NEO) |
|
Session 7 16.10.2024 |
Topic: Role of international organizations in development. Global governance for development Description: What is the role of international organizations in development? Should the international organizations be involved in assisting the developing countries? If so, in what way? We will discuss the role of the United Nations as well as regional organizations in Africa, MENA, Asia and Latin America in development. Attention will be also paid to global governance and development. Reading: Haslam 186-205 Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 4 |
|
Session 8 23.10.2024 |
Topic: Mid-term exam. Exam via NEO Description: Mid-term revision, students must demonstrate their understanding of topics covered in the first half of the semester (Sessions 1 through 7). Mid-term will be in a freeform essay of 800 words, taken in class from 830 till 1100, submitted via NEO. Reading: all readings up to now |
|
30.10.2024 |
Mid-term break. No classes |
|
Session 9 6.11.2024 |
Topic: Role of great powers in development Description: What is power? Who are great powers? Should they be involved in development and if so, how? We will discuss the role of the United States, Russia, China, India and regional powers in development. Reading: Desai 535-554 Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 5 |
|
Session 10 13.11.2024 |
Topic: Regional development in the Middle East and North Africa Description: What are the main problems of the countries of the Middle East and North Africa? What are the main obstacles of development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. Reading: Middle East and North Africa Overview: Development news, research, data | World Bank Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 6 |
Session 11 20.11.2024 |
Topic: Regional development in Asia Description: What are the main problems of the countries of Asia? What are the main obstacles of development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. Reading: East Asia Pacific: Development news, research, data | World Bank; South Asia : Development news, research, data | World Bank Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 7, Policy paper due |
Session 12 27.11.2024 |
Topic: Regional development in Africa Description: What are the main problems of the countries of Africa? What are the main obstacles of development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. Reading: Africa: Development news, research, data | World Bank Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 8 |
Session 13 4.12.2024 |
Topic: Regional development in Latin America Description: What are the main problems of the countries of Latin America? What are the main obstacles of development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. Reading: Latin America and Caribbean Overview: Development news, research, data | World Bank Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 9, Seminar papers due |
Session 14 11.12.2024 |
Topic: Technology, innovation, AI and development Description: What is the role of technology in development? How do innovations influence development? What will be the effects of AI on development? Reading: Fahrad, pp. 4-39; Niazi, pp. 221-251; Toupin, pp. 1-5 Assignments/deadlines: Presentation 10, Reading reflections due |
6. Course Requirements and Assessment (with estimated workloads)
Assignment |
Workload (hours) |
Weight in Final Grade |
Evaluated Course Specific Learning Outcomes |
Evaluated Institutional Learning Outcomes* |
Active class participation |
42 |
10% |
· Regular and active participation · Ability to analyze and to effectively discuss the possibilities of further issues related to international development |
1,2 |
Research proposal |
10 |
5% |
· Ability to analyze the activities and legal acts of selected int. organizations in different fields including security, trade, development, environment, and human rights |
1 |
Critical essay |
15 |
10% |
· Subject knowledge on the topics related to international development |
1 |
Mid-term exam |
15 |
15% |
· Subject knowledge on history, theory and issues related to international development |
1 |
Policy paper |
15 |
10% |
· Subject knowledge on the topics related to international development |
1 |
Presentation of research project |
20 |
15% |
· Ability to analyze a topic related to international development · Think critically and to provide possible solutions for presented problems; · Present the results of analysis in class |
1, 2 |
Seminar paper |
28 |
25% |
· Subject knowledge of a topic related to international development |
1 |
Reflection- reading |
5 |
10% |
· Critical reflection of two different texts or podcasts related to lecture topics |
1 |
TOTAL |
150 |
100% |
|
|
*1 = Critical Thinking; 2 = Effective Communication; 3 = Effective and Responsible Action
7. Detailed description of the assignments
Class participation
Active participation and contribution to class discussion. Students should actively participate in class discussion. Discussions are an important mechanism for developing critical thinking and presentation skills.
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Knowledge and comprehension of the weekly reading assignments |
50% |
Critical thinking about the issues explored in the readings |
50% |
Research proposal
Students must submit a research proposal of presentation and seminar paper by Week 3, i.e. by 18 September 2025 via NEO. The proposal must include the topic, research question, structure and at least 5 reliable resources which the students plan to use in their presentation and seminar paper.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Timely submission of presentation through NEO |
50% |
Contents of presentation and seminar paper proposal: research question, structure, at least 5 reliable resources |
50% |
Critical essay
Short analytical essay on selected topic relating to international development. Students will critically respond to a conceptual or real-world challenge introduced in the first three weeks. The goal is to assess students´ ability to apply theory, construct arguments and use relevant examples or cases. Emphasis on argumentation, use of course concepts, clear structure and use of reliable sources. Students choose one of four critical questions based on the materials covered in weeks 1 to 5. Length 800 words, submitted through NEO by Week 6, i.e. by 10 October 2025.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Clear thesis and coherent structure |
20 |
Depth of critical argumentation, critical thinking |
30 |
Use of course concepts and terminology |
20 |
Quality and relevance of examples |
20 |
Language, grammar, referencing |
10 |
Mid-term exam
The exam will cover the topics from the first half of the semester. Students will have to demonstrate that they have a good understanding of the most relevant issues and concepts and that they are able to provide swift and correct answers. The mid-term will be a free-form essay of about 800 words and will take place online via NEO. Students will choose one of three comprehensive questions covering the topics discussed in the first half of the semester. The mid-term will take place during Week 8, i.e. on 23 October 2025 from 815 till 1045 at AAU, however, students will take the mid-term exam in NEO (online) while sitting in the classroom.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Ability to correctly evaluate the main purpose of each question |
50% |
Ability to reflect broader context of each question |
25% |
Ability to provide correct answers under the time limit |
25% |
Presentation of research project
Students need to select and to sign up for one research project and present the selected topic in class according to the presentation schedule. Presentations will be prepared individually by each student and must be submitted at least three days prior to the presentation day through the NEO for comments before presenting. Presentations can be submitted in PPT or any other suitable presentation program. The presentation shall be 20 to 25 minutes long including the class discussion for which students must always prepare questions related to their research. List of presentations will be published in NEO in week 1 after students sign in for their presentations. Students will be evaluated based on the contents of their presentation (correct, recent information, to analyze main problems and suggest creative solutions; ability to apply and to demonstrate acquired knowledge from the course; ability to link the topic of the presentation to the overall topic of the class; ability to apply a concrete theory to a presented problem; ability to formulate credible claims and evidence) and interaction with other students in class (engagement of students in discussions: continuous contact with students while presenting, clear speech, good intonation and eye contact, positive body language, ability to stress most significant aspects of analyzed topic while presenting, ability to answer questions from audience, ability to engage fellow students in discussions).
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Timely submission of presentation through NEO |
5% |
Critical thinking |
20% |
Visual format of presentation |
20% |
Contents of presentation |
30% |
Contact with students |
20% |
Compliance with time limit |
5% |
Policy paper
Short policy paper on selected topic related to international development. Students will focus on practical policy oriented paper which will cover topics up to Week 10. Students choose one of three questions. Length 800 words, submitted through NEO by Week 11, i.e. by 20 November 2025.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Clear thesis and coherent structure |
20% |
Depth of critical argumentation and critical thinking |
30% |
Use of course concepts and terminology |
20% |
Quality and relevance of examples |
20% |
Language, grammar, referencing |
10% |
Seminar Paper
Students prepare a seminar paper on the topic of their presentation to understand the analyzed topic in more depth. Seminar papers should be 2000 words long (length without sources, title page, TOC and references to sources; 2000 words should be just the analysis itself) and should fulfill all criteria imposed on an academic paper (formal arrangement of the paper, reference to resources, research question and analysis of the research question etc.). Chicago citation style must be used. At least 10 reliable sources must be used for the seminar paper. Seminar papers will be checked for plagiarism and use of AI, students should present their own critical reflection of the selected research topic. Seminar paper must be submitted via NEO by Week 13, i.e. by 4 December 2025 23:59. Later submissions will be taken into consideration but one point will be taken off from the assessment for each day of delayed submission.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Formal arrangement of seminar paper |
10% |
Reference to resources |
15% |
Language, stylistics |
10% |
Research question, critical analysis of research topic |
45% |
Critical thinking |
20% |
Reflection: reading
Students choose any reading or podcast related to the topic of the lecture. Student may submit maximum 2 reflections, each for maximum 5 points. Detailed list of reading is available in NEO. Students may also review other book, article or podcast related to politics upon previous agreement with the instructor. Each reflection should be up to 200 words and should provide a critical assessment of the reading or podcast. Reflections should include a brief summary of the reading/podcast (2–3 sentences), one or two key insights you found meaningful or surprising, a short connection to the week’s lecture topic and optionally also a critique, disagreement, or unanswered question. Reflections may be submitted any time between Week 2 and Week 14, however, reflections must be submitted by Week 14, i.e. by 11 December 2025.
Assessment breakdown
Assessed area |
Percentage |
Personal insight and critical reflection |
40% |
Connection to course topic |
30% |
Coherence and clarity |
20% |
Style and language |
10% |
8. General Requirements and School Policies
General requirements
All coursework is governed by AAU’s academic rules. Students are expected to be familiar with the academic rules in the Academic Codex and Student Handbook and to maintain the highest standards of honesty and academic integrity in their work. Please see the AAU intranet for a summary of key policies regarding coursework.
Course specific requirements
There are no special requirements or deviations from AAU policies for this course.
Use of Artificial Intelligence and Academic Tutoring Center
The use of artificial intelligence tools to search sources, to process, analyze and summarize data, and to provide suggestions or feedback in order to improve content, structure, or style, defined here as AI-assisted writing, is not in itself plagiarism. However, it is plagiarism if, as a result, it obscures the authorship of the work produced or the degree of its originality (see the examples above).
AAU acknowledges prudent and honest use of AI-assisted writing, that is, the use of AI for orientation, consultation, and practice is allowed. For some courses and assignments, however, the use of AI is counterproductive to learning outcomes; therefore, the course syllabus may prohibit AI assistance.
A work (text, image, video, sound, code, etc.) generated by artificial intelligence based on a mass of existing data, defined here as AI-generated work, is not considered a work of authorship. Therefore, if an AI-generated work (e.g. text) is part of the author’s work, it must be marked as AI-generated. Otherwise, it obscures the authorship and/or the degree of originality, and thus constitutes plagiarism. Unless explicitly permitted by the instructor, submission of AI-generated work is prohibited.
If unsure about technical aspects of writing, and to improve their academic writing, students are encouraged to consult with the tutors of the AAU Academic Tutoring Center. For more information and/or to book a tutor, please contact the ATC at: http://atc.simplybook.me/sheduler/manage/event/1/.
9. Grading Scale
Letter Grade |
Percentage* |
Description |
A |
95–100 |
Excellent performance. The student has shown originality and displayed an exceptional grasp of the material and a deep analytical understanding of the subject. |
A– |
90–94 |
|
B+ |
87–89 |
Good performance. The student has mastered the material, understands the subject well and has shown some originality of thought and/or considerable effort. |
B |
83–86 |
|
B– |
80–82 |
|
C+ |
77–79 |
Fair performance. The student has acquired an acceptable understanding of the material and essential subject matter of the course, but has not succeeded in translating this understanding into consistently creative or original work. |
C |
73–76 |
|
C– |
70–72 |
|
D+ |
65–69 |
Poor. The student has shown some understanding of the material and subject matter covered during the course. The student’s work, however, has not shown enough effort or understanding to allow for a passing grade in School Required Courses. It does qualify as a passing mark for the General College Courses and Electives. |
D |
60–64 |
|
F |
0–59 |
Fail. The student has not succeeded in mastering the subject matter covered in the course. |
* Decimals should be rounded to the nearest whole number.
Prepared by: Radka Havlová
Date:12.8.2025
Approved by: Dr William Eddleston, Chair of IR.
Date: 22/8/25
Here is the course outline:
1. Introduction to development
Sep 4 8am .. 10:45am, 2.05
What is development? What are the key issues related to development? How should we approach development theoretically? We will discuss the basic concepts of international development and key issues related to development. We will also examine the main theoretical approaches to development. In the second half of the lecture we will discuss the major differences between developed and developing countries. What makes a country “developed”? What is the basis of development? Why are some countries developed and other countries have significant problems in their development? How do we measure development? How does globalization influence development? Finally, we will discuss the main differences between developed and developing countries and the classification of developing countries by the UN and other institutions. |
2. Impact of colonialism on development of developing countries
Sep 11 8am .. 10:45am, 2.05
How does colonialism influence the current situation of the developing countries? Are the former colonial powers still “responsible” for the development in their former colonies? We will discuss the impacts of colonialism on developing countries and relations between former colonial powers and de-colonized countries. |
3. Political problems related to development
Sep 18 8am .. 10:45am, 2.05
Are democracies in general more developed than developing countries? What is the role of freedom in development? How is corruption related to development? Why do some states “fail” in their development? We will have the chance to discuss the relationship between development and politics in developed and developing countries. |
4. Military problems related to development
Sep 23 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What is the role of the military in development? Do violent conflicts occur more frequently in developing countries? What is the connection between terrorism and development? How does the UN help to solve military conflicts? We will discuss the main problems related to security in the developing countries and their impact on the development of these countries. |
5. Economic and environmental problems related to development
Sep 30 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
Why are most developing countries still poor compared to the developed countries? What are the main economic and environmental challenges to developing countries? We will discuss the main economic and environmental problems related to development such as poverty, trade, inflation, debt, foreign direct investments, unemployment, water-related problems, air pollution and other environmental problems related to development. Attention will be also paid to the role of natural resources in development and conflict. REPLACEMENT LECTURE FOR 30 SEPTEMBER (no class on 30 September, double class on 23 September)!!! |
6. Social problems related to development
Oct 7 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What are the main social problems of developing countries? We will discuss problems such as population growth, role of ethnicity and religion, crime, role of drugs, organized crime and socioeconomic inequality related to development. |
7. Role of international organizations in development
Oct 14 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What is the role of international organizations in development? Should the international organizations be involved in assisting the developing countries? If so, in what ways? We will discuss the role of the United Nations as well as regional organizations in the area of development in Africa, MENA, Asia and Latin America. |
8. Mid-term exam
Oct 21 11:30am .. 2pm, 2.05
Mid-term revision, students must demonstrate their understanding of topics covered in the first half of the semester. Mid-term exam takes place via NEO in class |
9. Mid-term break - NO CLASS
Oct 28
No classes, mid-term break, enjoy your free time and get ready for the rest of our semester :) |
10. Role of great powers in development
Nov 4 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What is power? Who are the great powers? Should they be involved in development, and if so, how? We will discuss the role of the United States, Russia, China, India and regional powers in development. |
11. Development in the Middle East and North Africa
Nov 11 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What are the main problems of the countries of the Middle East and North Africa? What are the main obstacles to development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. |
12. Development in Asia
Nov 18 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What are the main problems of the countries of Asia? What are the main obstacles to development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development in the region. |
13. Development in Africa
Nov 25 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What are the main problems of African countries? What are the main obstacles to development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on its development. |
14. Development in Latin America
Dec 2 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What are the main problems of the countries of Latin America? What are the main obstacles of development in this region? We will discuss the main political, security, economic, social and environmental problems of the region and their impact on development of the region. |
15. Technology, innovation, AI and development
Dec 9 11:15am .. 2pm, 2.05
What is the role of technology in development? How do innovations influence development? What will be the effects of AI on development? |