Topics: What is political philosophy? How do I write a well-argued philosophy paper? Hobbes: language & reason (agency); the state of nature, the right of nature, the law of nature Required: Leviathan ‘Introduction to Leviathan’, Ch. 13 (state of nature), Ch. 14 (laws of nature), Ch. 15 (laws of nature) On this occasion - please do the reading after class! Recommended: Leviathan, Chs. 4, 5, 6 AP Martinich (2005) ‘Moral Philosophy’ (Ch. 4) in Hobbes. London: Routledge, pp. 54-106) (NEO) Assignments/deadlines:

Topics: authority and power, the social contract, two modes of sovereignty, the liberty of the subjects, Hobbes and IR Required: Leviathan, Chs. 16 (authority), 17 (sovereign state), 18, 20, 21 (liberties of the subject) Recommended: Leviathan Ch. 25. DD Raphael (2004) Hobbes, ‘Political Theory I’ Ch. 4 (pp. 29-40). London and New York: Routledge. Sharon A. Lloyd (2012) ‘International Relations, World Government, and the Ethics of War: A Hobbesian Perspective’ (Ch. 14), In S. A. Lloyd (ed.). Hobbes Today: Insights for the 21st Century, pp. 288-303. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Assignments/deadlines: in-class presentations

Topics: the law of nature, the rights of nature, the state of war, property, freedom Required: Second Treatise, Chs. 1, 2 (state of nature), Chs. 3, 4 (slavery), Ch. 5 (property), Ch. 7 (pol. society, §§ 77, 85-91 only), Ch. 8 (beginnings pol. society, §§ 95-99, 119 only), Ch. 9 (§§ 123-129 only). *Locke’s text is cited by chapter and paragraph (§). Recommended: Eric Mack (2012) ‘Locke’ (Ch. 7), in Gerald F Gaus and Fred D’Agostino (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Social and Political Philosophy, pp. 71-81. New York, London: Routledge (NEO) Assignments/deadlines: in-class presentations

Topics: political society, trust, the right to depose illegitimate governments Required: Second Treatise, Chs. 9 (§§ 128-131), 10 (§§132-133, on government vs. community/state), 11 (§§ 134-138, 140-141), 12 (143-148), 13 (§§197-198), 18 (§§199-208) Recommended: AJ Simmons (2015) Locke and the Social Contract. In Stuart, M. (Ed.). A Companion to Locke. John Wiley & Sons. Assignments/deadlines: in-class presentations

Session 5. Wesley Hohfeld and HLA Hart: the logic of rights. Moral and legal rights. Topics: Hohfeld - Fundamental legal conceptions: claim rights, privileges/liberties, powers, immunities. Hart – The natural right to be free. Special and general rights, promises, human relations vs natural titles. Competition versus rights violation. Required: Peters, Rights, Chapter 1 (summary of Hohfeld) Hart ‘Are There Any Natural Rights?’ Assignments/deadlines: None

Topics: What (if anything) is distinctive about the language of rights? Rights and the practice of claiming. Rights and persons. Is it possible to have a moral world devoid of rights? Required: Feinberg, ‘The Nature and Value of Rights’ Recommended: Read responses by Jan Narveson and Carl Wellman at the end of Feinberg’s article (2 pages) Assignments/deadlines: Presentations. First paper due at the latest on June 11, 2025 by midnight CET.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). DD Raphael on ‘rights of recipience’ and ‘rights of action’

Topics: Basic rights, standard threats, basic rights versus natural rights, enjoyment of rights, subsistence rights, positive and negative rights, agents and patients, individuals and institutions as bearers of rights and responsibilities Required: Shue, Chapter 1, Basic Rights Recommended: You may reread Maurice Cranston’s article from Session 7 Shue, Chapter 2, Basic Rights Assignments/Deadlines: Presentations

Topics: Some argue that it is morally appropriate to have open state borders. How does this moral principle of open borders is supposed to operate in a world of states, determined by the principles of international law (sovereignty) and international politics (realpolik). Who are the agents who would enjoy the right to enter a state? Required: Kukathas, The Case for Open Immigration. Assignments/Assignments/deadlines: Presentations

Topics: What justifies the right of states to unilaterally control their borders? In what sense are borders morally and culturally significant? Can we imagine a borderless world? Required: Miller, Immigration: The Case for Limits. Assignments/Assignments/deadlines: Presentations. Second Paper due at the latest by 20 June 2025 midnight CET time. (this is one day later than our after our last session)